Functions Of A Fitness Training School

There are several fitness training schools that provide students with the basic knowledge of physiology, anatomy, nutrition, homeostasis and metabolism. They also teach them how to design, manage and implement various fitness plans, conduct physical assessments and train their clients for health safety. You can develop the practical skills in the classroom, along with an externship program for professional training.

These schools prepare students to work with people belonging to different fitness levels and help them attain various goals. This could involve designing weight loss programs for middle aged overweight men and women, leading calisthenics workouts in nursing homes or gymnasiums, guiding world class athletes or preparing exercise routines for children who have special health issues. Students also learn to design anaerobic and aerobic exercises.

Requirements:

A fitness trainer needs to have an Associate of Science degree in sports, medicine, physiology, physical education, exercise science or any health care related field. Most positions require a Master of Science or Bachelor of Science degree.

Career Opportunities After Fitness Training School

1.Health Club Or Gym Instructor: Your salary will depend on the reputation of the gym or health club.

2.Freelance Fitness Trainer: Your clients will pay you directly. Fitness trainer salaries vary a lot. At the initial stages, you could expect around 16,000 dollars, annually. It all depends on the region, experience and education level.

3.Personal Trainer: If you become a personal trainer to movie stars and athletes, you can earn a six-figure salary.

4.Trainer At Private Spas, Cruises, Resorts Or Online: Your services could be employed by a particular chain or by visitors to a particular fitness website.

5.Fitness Writing, Consulting And Athletic Coaching: You could open your own gym or start group fitness instructions at any convenient venue.

Points To Remember

1.For a career in fitness training you need to be persistent, patient, motivating and organized. You should love working and interacting with all kinds of people.

2.You do not need to look like a bodybuilder to become a fitness trainer. However, you should make sure that you lead a healthy lifestyle and become a role model for your clients.

3.Get certified in specialty. It is not required, but it indicates an advanced level of understanding and in turn, enables you to quote higher rates for your services.

4.If you are not sure where you want to work, take some time to conduct research online.

5.If you want to join a club, call the local clubs and ask about their requirement for personal trainers.

6.Market yourself and improve your skills. You should attempt to take special fitness courses, to add quality to your resume. You should also attempt to make the most of available opportunities to acquire hands-on experience.

No related posts.

By MALIK TARIQ MAHMOOD

INTRODUCTION

Television belongs to the family of audio-visual communication medium. It is able to transmit sounds and images carrying message of a varied nature and for a variety of purpose. It has strong influence on people, in the culture and on other media. It is a widely used telecommunication system for broadcasting and receiving moving pictures and sound over a distance from all around the world. The term may also be used to refer specifically to a television set, programming or television transmission. Television commercials have become one of the most effective, most persuasive, and most popular methods of selling products of many sorts.

Within Pakistani culture we need to look deeper at the role of television and advertisements, to assess why they hold such a valuable position. Pakistan Television is a permanent fixture in children’s lives. The television set is as familiar to children as the faces of family members. Television set is always there, to entertain and to give company to children, especially when no one else in the mood to play, chat or interact with them. They are increasingly being exposed to different cultures, absorbing new ideas and impressions about other cultures.

Many television advertisements are catchy jingles or catch-phrases that generate sustained appeal, which may remain in the minds of television viewers long after the span of the advertising campaign. Nowadays advertising spread in our entire culture influences in society and our fundamental patterns of life. Advertising can be seen as one of the factors that contribute to shape people’s life, their basic values, and attitudes. But actual picture is different, according to Edger “Advertising is the art of making whole lies out of half truth.’1

Advertising has been watched in many ways: on Television, Newspapers, Billboards, Walls, Video, Internet and in many other forms. The protection of children from harm is linked directly to the issue of what affects observed from viewing television. The criticisms regarding watching television of children are linked to what they watch and for how long. Television advertising on food causes parental concern; parents try to control the television viewing of their children. Parental control of television viewing is expected to lower the number of hours of a child, which leaves impacts on their health.1

Today’s children are our future and unique in many ways from previous generation. But perhaps the most influencing factor on children’s health is television advertisements. There are general concerns of parents that television advertising has negative influence intended or unintended on children’s health.

Advertising is the structured and composed nonpersonal communication of information, usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature, about products by identified sponsors through various media. Advertising companies naturally communicate to large number of people about their products. There is nothing wrong with that, as it allows innovative ideas and concepts to be shared with others. However, as the years have progressed, the advertising methods and techniques have become advance, appealing, shaping, and even creating consumer’s needs where there has been none before, or turning luxuries into necessities.2

Mass advertising is no longer solely a means of introducing and distributing products, though it does that. It is a major mechanism in the ability of a relatively small number of giant corporations to hold disproportionate power over the economy. These corporations need newspapers, magazines, and broadcasting not just to sell their goods but to maintain their economic and political influence. The media are no longer neutral agents of the merchants but essential gears in the machinery of corporate gigantism, and increasingly they are not only needed but they are owned by the corporate giants.3

HISTORY OF ADVERTISING

Advertising is as old as civilization itself. The earliest beginnings of advertising, of course, are impossible to pinpoint, but there are several examples dating back thousands of years. In early days, signboards were placed above the doors of business establishments, and later, the town crier was an important advertising medium. Advertising was a well established part of the social environment of early civilizations. However, until the advent of mass selling in the 19th century, advertising played only a minor role in the conducting of business.4

After the invention of printing handbills, posters and then newspapers were used in increasing the quantities of advertise products. The development of railroad transportation enabled advertising industry to send its products to consumers who lived far from the manufacturing plants. Advertising assumed national character as business people used both newspapers and television to broaden their markets.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The advertising of food products of Pakistan Television impact on children’s health – eating disorder and they become obese and idle. The researcher interested to investigate these impacts of food-products advertising on the health of children.

OBJECTIVES

The study was conducted while keeping following objectives in mind:

i) To investigate children’s viewing habits of Pakistan Television

ii) To find out impacts of advertising on children’s health

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Although there are many beneficiaries of the study but the main beneficiaries are parents’, and personnel of advertising agencies. All parents want to provide good food to their children for healthy life. The results of the study will show the parents about impact of advertising on the health of their children and will help them to compensate these affects.

LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter has been divided into five parts. The first part describes some general things about Television advertising. The second part of the chapter is explaining theory of the advertising; how the advertisements affect the health of children and their lives. The third part explains the role of advertising in the society. The fourth part describes the health of children and their BMI. The fifth part of the study explores the negative impacts of ads on the health of children of 8 to 12 years.

Television is an important socialisation agent; it is present in children’s lives. Many advertisements broadcast on television are the creations of brilliant minds that want to persuade them to purchase the advertised products. Evidence are mounting that marketing to children is harmful. Nearly every aspect of children’s lives has been adversely affected by recent trends of advertising. Research links advertising to increased obesity and eating disorders in children because they are vulnerable to persuasive messages. According to Media scholar Gorge “Television has become unavoidable and unremitting factor in shaping that what we are and what we will become.”1

The children under the age of eight are unable to critically comprehend televised advertising messages and are prone to accept advertiser messages as truthful, accurate and unbiased. This can lead to unhealthy eating habits as evidenced by today’s youth. This is a critical concern because the most common products marketed to children are cereals, candies, sweets, sodas and snack foods. Advertising of such unhealthy food products to young children contributes to poor nutritional habits that may last a lifetime and be a variable in the current epidemic of obesity among kids.2

TELEVISION ADVERTISING

A consumer exposed hundreds commercial messages every day. They may appear in the form of billboards, newspapers, television commercials, etc. It is actually a very structured form of applied communication, employing both verbal and nonverbal elements that are composed to fill specific space and time formats determined by the sponsor. First and foremost, advertising is communication – a special kind of communication. Traditionally, advertising has been principally a one-way process, but with today’s new interactive technology, consumers can give feedback to advertising messages in real time using the same channels as the sender. Most advertising is intended to be persuasive – to win converts to a product, service, or idea. Some ads, such as legal announcements, are intended merely to inform, not to persuade. But they are still ads because they satisfy all the other requirements of the definition.3

The issues surrounding advertising directed to children are related to certain commercial campaigns primarily targeting children. Cold-drink advertisements are commonly shown during sports events and seen by millions of children, creating brand familiarity and motivating children for buying. They have been exposed television more than 15 edible ads during one hour programme and when they watch television 4 hours a day that means they saw one product’s ad around 20 times in one sitting. This is referred to graph no. 15 at page 34.

Advertising is persuasive and informational influence on the behaviour of the audience. Advertising is also a marketing tool and may be used in combination with other marketing tools, such as sales promotions, personal selling tactics, or publicity. But the actual picture is different, according to Edger “Advertising is the art of making whole lies out of half truth.”

The impact of television advertising is the greatest among children. The children like television commercials more than elder group, and they are also more deeply influenced by the catchy appearance of advertiser on their lives.

Advertising aimed at children is based on three concerns, first, it is believed that advertising promote superficially and values founded in material goods and consumption. Second, children are considered inexperienced consumers and easy prey for the sophisticated persuasion of advertisers. Third, advertising influences children demand for everything from toy to snack food.4

THE ROLE OF ADVERTISING

Advertising plays a vital role in the economic system of a country. It helps in selling ideas, goods, and services. Advertising both reflects and affects our lifestyles, and thus, plays a substantial social role. Advertising has become so close to our life, therefore, it serves multidimensional communication needs of society. Business firms, labour unions, government agencies, and political leaders are successfully employing advertising to inform and persuade people about their purpose.

Kapoor gives the four points of role of advertising: First, the country’s gross national product is greater and the standard of living is higher than they would otherwise be. Advertising creates jobs with a greater variety of products, and improves the quality of products and increase the economy of country. Second, argument of Kapoor is that advertising plays a major role in informing the consumer so that more intelligent choices are made in the marketplace. Third, rationale for advertising is that the firm’s cost of production per unit of output is lower because advertising increases demand for the firm’s output, so, advertising leads to more efficient use of resources in the economy. Finally, she says that advertising leaves the impacts either positive or negative on the general masses as well as on children. These impacts are changed according to the culture and environment.5

The above mentioned four points are whole picture of advertising that advertisers want to achieve. This same situation can be found in Pakistan. So, no one can able to explore all the aspects of advertising at this level because so many hurdles are there, such as lack of resources, shortage of time.

CHILDREN’S HEALTH

Every parent consciously and keenly observes the health of their children in all society. But parents are more attached with their children in Pakistani society because children are their future and they will help in finances when parents will retire. All parents like to provide good food to their children for their health and give proper education for making them a good citizen. Both parents are working because they want to improve their living standard; this is referred to graph no. 4. Some times parents over looks children’s activities i.e. what and when they eat? When and how they watch television? Why they become obese and idle? 6

Actually the researcher will explore the answer of all these questions because these questions are mainly related with the study.

Health experts have linked excessive watching television to obesity – a significant health problem today. While watching television, children are inactive to buy such products. They are also bombarded with advertising messages that encourage them to buy and eat unhealthy foods such as potato chips, burgers, pastries etc. and empty-calorie soft drinks that often become preferred snack foods. Indirectly advertising leave too much affect on children’s health. Even if children are watching 4 hours of quality educational programs on television in a day, that means they are not exercising, reading, socializing, or spending time outside. But some studies have shown that decreasing the amount of television watching by children led to less weight gain and lower body mass index increase, and make them idle that is not better for their health.7

BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)

Body Mass Index (BMI) is used to estimate healthy weight of average people. A BMI of 20 to 24 is desirable for most adults. A person with a BMI of 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight, and a person with a BMI of 30 or above is considered obese. Obesity is associated with an increased risk for heart disease, diabetes, and other life-threatening diseases.

The body mass index (BMI) is commonly used to determine desirable body weights. BMI is a measure of an adult’s weight in relation to height, and it is calculated metrically as weight divided by height squared (kg/m2).

Body mass index only provides a rough estimate of desirable weight; however, physicians recognize that many other factors besides height affect weight. Weight alone may not be an indicator of fat, as in the case of a bodybuilder who may have a high BMI because of a high percentage of muscle tissue, which weighs more than fat. Likewise, a person with a sedentary lifestyle may be within a desirable weight range but have excess fat tissue. However, the higher BMI is greater the risk for developing serious medical conditions.

BMI Chart for Boys

Body Mass Index (BMI) percentiles for boys, from two to twenty years, so that you can track your child’s growth curve and see if they are underweight, overweight or just right.

BMI Chart for Girls

Body Mass Index (BMI) percentiles for girls, from two to twenty years, so that you can track your child’s growth curve and see if they are underweight, overweight or just right.

What is Fat?

Fats, or lipids, are nutrients in food that children’s body uses to build nerve tissue (like the brain) and hormones. The body also uses fat as fuel. If fats that children have eaten are not burned as energy or used as building blocks, they are stored by the body in fat cells. This is body’s way of thinking ahead: By saving fat for future use, the body plans for times when food might be scarce.

Fat gives food flavour and texture, but it’s also high in calories, and excess amounts of fatty foods as with excess amounts of any food can cause many health risks. For children and adolescents, desserts and snacks including potato chips, chocolate, cakes, doughnuts, pastries, and cookies are a significant source of fat. Children also get fat from whole milk products and high-fat meats, such as fried and spicy meat. Of course, fast-food and take-out meals tend to have more fat than home cooking; and in restaurants, fried dishes are the highest in fat content. Fat also often “hides” in foods in the form of creamy, cheesy, or buttery sauces or dressings.

Still, though, fat is an important part of a healthy diet when the children eat the right kinds of fats especially those from certain kinds of fish in recommended amounts. Like carbohydrates in recent years, fats have been wrongly accused of being “bad”. Although some definitely better than others, certain kinds of fat are actually good for teenager and children an important part of a healthy diet.

Obesity increases the risk of developing disease. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, almost 70 percent of heart disease cases in the United States are linked to excess body fat, and obese people are more than twice as likely to develop hypertension. The risk of medical complications, particularly heart disease, increases when body fat is distributed around the waist, especially in the abdomen. This type of upper body fat distribution is more common in men than in women.8

CAUSES OF OBESITY

A calorie is the unit used to measure the energy value of food and the energy used by the body to maintain normal functions. When the calories from food intake equal the calories of energy the body uses, weight remains constant. But when a person consumes more calories than the body needs, the body stores those additional calories as fat, causing subsequent weight gain.

Obesity, medical condition characterized by storage of excess body fat. The human body naturally stores fat tissue under the skin and around organs and joints. Fat is critical for good health because it is a source of energy when the body lacks the energy necessary to sustain life processes, and it provides insulation and protection for internal organs. But the accumulation of too much fat in the body is associated with a variety of health problems. Studies show that individuals who are overweight or obese run a greater risk of developing diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, arthritis, and some forms of cancer.9

The causes of obesity are complex and include some factors. Basically, obesity occurs when a person eats more calories than the body burns up. The children have an 80 percent chance of being obese if their parents are obese. Obesity in childhood and adolescence can be related to:

i) Poor eating habits
ii) Overeating habits
iii) Unnecessary use of Cold drinks
iv) Eating Non-nutrition food
v) Eating out-side the home

The percentage of overweight children is growing at an alarming rate. On the whole, children were spending less time exercising and more time in front of the TV and computer. And today’s busy families have fewer free moments to prepare nutritious, home-cooked meals, day in and day out. From fast food to electronics, quick and easy seems to be the mindset of many people, young and old, in the new millennium.

IMPACTS OF ADVERTISING

Modern life style has frozen the family size in the Pakistani society. Nuclear family has taken place of the joint family. Lifestyle trends in urban Pakistan (rising incomes, longer working hours, more working mothers, and time-poor/cash-rich parents) tend to support their families, which lead the child to watching television and increased consumption of unnecessary food. Furthermore, the advertising industry makes junk food seem irresistible.

Children who watch a lot of television have difficulty in concentrating at school because they are used to being given all the answers instead of being asked to think about questions. If children watch less television, their imagination will grow.

Unfortunately, children are not given proper guidance as to what they should do. The media is not playing its proper role in the promotion of children’s rights and the difficulties they have to face in the society. Even the authorities of Pakistan Television ignored this side and they can not design programs according to children’s requirements.

IMPACTS ON CHILDREN’S HEALTH

James suggests that “Childhood obesity arises from foods that are high in fat and low in fibre. When children eat this food, the insulin not only increases the effects of the pleasure-chemical dopamine (making the child want to eat more of the same food) but also reduces the effects of the hormone leptons, making the child want to eat more and be less active”.10

Television also has negative impacts, it creates eye problems. It stops the children from going out and playing with friends. Its advertising makes them buy things even if they do not need. It can make them tired and unable to focus on their lessons.

LEAVE UNHEALTHY HABITS

Gerbner said that the many media experts in Western countries who continue to be deeply anxious about the commercial context of television programming. They argue that television advertising leave impacts on society, particularly on the health of children, and television advertising is not going on air without reason.11

The impact of television on children has received much attention. Research suggests that children see television advertising as just another form of programming and react uncritically to its messages, which makes them especially vulnerable to advertising. There is also concern about the way in which children respond to advertising. Research indicates that many children are unduly influenced by this standard of health, become dissatisfied with their own bodies, and may develop eating disorders in pursuit of a thin figure. Advertising affect daily life and eating habits etc. The children as well as the teenager get influenced, consciously or unconsciously by advertisements of Pakistan television.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Every scientific discipline employs a particular methodology in conducting of research. This includes some assumptions and values which serve as a rationale (underlying reasons) for effort of research and standards criteria for the whole process. The basic purpose of this research study was investigating the negative impacts of eating habits/disorder on the health of children. For this purpose systematic random sampling method was used. The sample size was limited to 30 children aged between 8 – 12 years and their parents.

RESEARCH DESIGN

This study was survey research about “Impacts of food product advertisements of Pakistan Television on eating habits of Children” in Satellite Town (B-Block) Rawalpindi city. The researcher used questionnaire for parents and interviews of the children as instrument to gather the data.

POPULATION

In this research study children of age 8 – 12, and their parents in Rawalpindi city were the population of the study.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE AND SAMPLE

Random and convenience sampling techniques were applied in this research for selecting the sample. The sampling frame was 30 children aged 8 – 12, and their parents from Satellite Town (B-Block) Rawalpindi city.

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES

There are three demographic variables in this study:

i) Gender
ii) Age
iii) Qualification

RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

In order to realise the objective, a survey study was carried out. The data was collected mainly from the primary sources. A questionnaire was designed for parents. Children’s questionnaire was also used for structured interview.

DATA COLLECTION

Data was collected through questionnaire and interview. Questionnaire were distributed among the parents and administered by the researcher personally. Structured Interview was conducted to all children respondents of sample.

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

In this chapter the researcher analyzed the data of impacts of advertisements on the health of children. The data on the “Impacts of Food Product Advertisements of PTV on the Health of Children were collected through a questionnaire which was especially designed for this study. Primarily, cross-tabulation statistical procedure was applied to investigate relationship between demographic variables i.e. (gender, age, and qualification, and presented in graphs alongwith data tables with interpretation.

As evident form the graph 1, the majority of the male respondents (34% fell in the age category of 30 to 45 as well as female respondents in the same groups made 23%. The results showed that majority of the both groups respondents were youngster.

As evident from the graph 2, the majority of the male respondents (20%) was Doctor whereas 20% were running their business, 10% female respondents were Govt. employee and 10% were housewives.

Graph 3, showed that 57% of male respondents and 30% female respondents were highly qualified. So, male respondents were higher qualified as compared to female.

The graph 4 documents the monthly income of the parents-respondents. As evident from the graph that male respondent belongs to well earning families as compare to female respondents.

As evident from the graph 5 this shows the composition of families of the respondents, the majority of respondents having four members in their family.

As evident from the graph 6 all parent respondents watched PTV regularly.

As evident from the graph 7 that majority (13%) of male-respondents watched PTV in evening and late night as compare to female respondents who liked to watch Pakistan Television in morning and afternoon.

Graph 8 showed that majority of parent watches Pakistan Television for 2 to 3 hours daily.

Graph 9 reflects that all children respondents were regular viewers of Pakistan Television.

The results of the graph 10 shows that children like to watch television in evening mostly but some respondents like to watch in afternoon as well.

As evident from the graph 11, the majority (30%) of children respondents watches PTV for more than four hours daily. According to the data collected children of 8-12 years old were heavy viewers of PTV. Actually that is the problem area because watching television for long time i.e. more than five hours creates adverse effects on the health, especially children of 8-12 years old.

The results of the graph 12 shows that majority (33%) of children respondents like to watch children shows/quiz programmes as guided by their parents.

Graph 13 reflects that parents allow their children to watch PTV for the purpose of getting updated information and for entertainment as well.

Graph 14 is evident that male respondents felt tiredness when they watch PTV for more than 3 to 4 hours but female respondents got bored that means female liked to watch more than four hours.

As evident from the graph 15 that majority of respondents (40%) watched ads around 15-20 and 20% saw more than 25 ads in an hour. Its means that during one hour program a lot of food-products were advertised on PTV which instigated children to buy these products on their own or ask their parents to buy the same for them.

As evident from the graph 16 that majority of both parent and children respondents usually liked to buy cold-drinks but some children responded that they also liked to buy chips type products as well. These products increase fats on the body especially in children because the age 8-12 years is the grooming age and they need proper and nutritionist diet for their health.

As evident from the graph 17 parent respondents, responded that children attitude was changed if they did not buy or allow them to buy such edibles. They behave aggressively with their elders or parents.

The results of the graph 18 show the impacts of Pakistan Television’s ads on children. Parents responded that their children tried to imitate when they saw ads, but some parents responded that they felt some aggressiveness during/after watching ads because advertiser showed super human actions.

As results of the graph 19 shows that parents always buy food products on their children’s demand because they were well earned (refer to graph no. 4). They fulfilled all demands of their children whatever they demanded for eating. This eating habit created eating-disorder in the children of 8-12 years old.

As evident from the graph 20 that parents felt that PTV’s ads effected their children’s diet because their children having enough money to buy belong to upper class families (refer to graph no.4).

As evident of graph 21 that parents responded that these ads increased eating disorder and decreased health of their children.

FINDINGS

The purpose of this research was to find out Impacts of Food Product Advertisements of Pakistan Television on the Eating Habits of Children. The major variables those are likely to have a significant impact of Pakistan Television ads on children’s health.

In Pakistan almost all the children have been watching television regularly. The information about children’s spending time on viewing television was to estimate their exposure to the variety of advertisements. Variation of advertising’s influence has been observed differently in one child to another, and from day to day for the same child. Nevertheless, some general influence of advertising on children were observed, which presented in chapter 4 at graph 9.

According to the graph 11; all the children have been watching television daily. 23% children saw television for up to 3 hours and 30% were watched television up to 4 hours a day. Thus, they were found heavy and regular viewers. Most of the children spend quite a lot of time sitting in front of television screen watching various programmes.

Thus, children of 8 to 10 years old were found to be more attracted towards television ads and they watched them with great interest but with the increasement in the age, children’s preferences shifted towards television programmes.

Most of the children in all age groups watched the television ads with great. That means many audio-visual techniques in television advertising were simply aimed at gaining, and holding children’s attention, which impressed them to purchase various products. Thus, television advertisements could really make a tremendous impact on children. The researcher found out the following aspects:

1) Children of 8-12 years old and their parents were watched Pakistan Television TV regularly. Most of the male parent liked to watch at late night but female parent liked to watch at morning and evening and their children liked to watch at evening. The parents’ watching span was 2-3 hours but their children’s watching span was 4-5 hours daily.

2) Children liked to watch children shows/quiz programmes but their parents allowed them to watch of PTV for getting information and entertainment as well.

3) Male respondents felt tiredness when they watched PTV for more than 3 to 4 hours but female respondents got bored that means female liked to watch more than four hours.

4) Majority of parents and children usually liked to buy cold-drinks but some children also liked to buy chips type products as well. The researcher find out that these products increase fats on the body especially in children because the age 8-12 years is the grooming age and they need proper and nutritionist diet for their health.

5) Children’s attitude was changed if they did not buy or allow them to buy such edibles. They behaved aggressively with their elders or parents.

6) The children tried to imitate when they saw ads, but some parents responded that they felt some aggressiveness during/after watching ads because advertiser showed super human actions.

7) Parents always bought readymade food products on their children’s demand because they were well earned (refer to graph no. 4). They fulfilled all demands of their children whatever they demanded for eating. This eating habit created eating-disorder in the children of 8-12 years old.

Ads of PTV effected their children’s diet because their children having enough money to buy such edible belong to upper class families (refer to graph no.4).

9) Ads of Pakistan Television increased eating disorder and decreased health of children of 8-12 years old.

CONCLUSION

Mostly children are addicted to viewing TV their average of viewing is more then 60% that means they are watching TV more then five hours per day, they are heavy viewers. After/during watching TV’s ads most of the children demanding drinks i.e. coca-cola, des, Pepsi these drinks develops unhealthy habits of children. Some children ages of 10-12 are trying to imitate the same action which they seen during that ads, which are dangerous for their lives.

The data of this research study proves that fats increased in the body of people especially in children, if they regularly drink these products. Increases fat in the body is not good sign because fat creates obesity and hear-diseases. Children are over weight according to their age and height because they are regularly use these cold drinks and eating fried meats outside the home with their parents or elders.

Children having less weight according to their BMI it’s due to their eating disorder. They think that if we eat and drink more than other we have good muscles but their stomachs are not digesting the such food properly, so eating disorder increased and after a couple of months their weight is decreasing. That is only for their eating disorder. They seen that the performer of powder-milk ads is healthier because s/he drink that milk after that they trying to buy and drink that power-milk but they do not know the actual picture.

RECOMMENDATIONS

After concluding the results of the data the researcher give the following recommendations:

i) Policymakers need to take steps to better protect children from exposure to advertising because of the inherent unfairness of advertising to audiences who lack the capability to evaluate wrong information in television advertising.

ii) Parents should attempt to restrict their children’s TV time.

iii) Teachers and parents can help children to decide what they should watch on TV.

iv) Adults should look out for things their children do not understand on TV.

v) Parents should also keep an eye on any other negative effects of watching Pakistan Television on children’s health, eating-disorder and their eye sight problems.

vi) Children should be encouraged both in their schools and at home to discuss television advertising.

vii) Parents/Teachers should help children to look for programmes which relevant for their health and has some positive impacts on their health of Pakistan Television.

Works Cited

Edger A. Shoaff. http://thinkexist.com/quotation/advertising_is_the_art_making_whole_lies/204323.html

Evra, Judith Van: Television and Child Development. (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum 1990).

Kunkel, D., Wilson, B., Donnerstein, E., & Blumenthal, E.: Measuring Television Violence: The importance of context. (Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media 1995).

Ibid.

Ibid

Namita Unnikrishnan, and Shailaja Pajpai: The Impact of Television Advertising on Children. (Sage Publications India Private Limited, India 1996)

Namita Unnikrishnan, and Shailaja Pajpai: The Impact of Television Advertising on Children. (Sage Publications India Private Limited, India 1996)

Neeru Kapoor: Television Advertising & Consumer Response. (Mittal Publication, New Delhi, India 2003)

http://weightloss.about.com/od/obesityhealth/a/blwhatsbmi.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity

Shanahan James and Michael Morgan: Television and its Viewers: Cultivation Theory and Research. (Cambridge University Press, UK1999)

Syed Abdul Siraj Advertising. Islamabad: Allama Iqbal Open University) 6-8

Microsoft ® Encarta ® Reference Library 2005. © 1993-2004 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

William F. Arens. Contemporary Advertising (10th Edition). (McGraw-Hill Irwin, United States 2006)

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Like unseasoned food, exercise becomes a boring chore that’s good for the body but boring for the psyche. If you think you’re lazing around because exercising alone is boring, perhaps it’s time you paid your local gym a visit.

Group fitness

According to Diana Emery, a fitness consultant at a local gym in Oregon:

“Group contact allows for a healthy amount of competition. In addition, being able to socialize while you burn the calories is actually a positive thing. It whiles away time and allows people to compare exercise results. It’s a learning process that’s always beneficial for those engaged in weight loss.”

Motivation would also come from attending regular workout classes. If you lack sufficient confidence to reach out to other people and make friends, a workout class would be a great place to start breaking out from your shell.

Good for the heart (literally)

Remember, there are two main exercise groups. You have anaerobic exercises and aerobic exercises. Bodybuilders mostly engage in anaerobic exercise to help build mass and increase the lean muscle percentage of the body.

However, if you were in it for the love of your heart, aerobics would be a great way to start. Aerobics can involves so many combinations of movements that you’re free to experiment at home. Some combine aerobic movements with boxing. Some combine dancing and Pilates.

Whatever your preference, remember to just keep moving. Aerobic exercise is all about losing weight, elevating the blood flow to all parts of the body and exercising the heart. If you want, buy a small music player and start brisk walking from your home to the local park and back again.

Doctors agree

According to the Thomas Blue, a practicing internist in London:

“Sedentary lifestyles are actually the number one killer of both men and women around the world. So many diseases could be avoided if people just got up and walked ten minutes everyday.”

Of course, modern ways of living have their own sets of backlashes. Since the advent of the telephone, people have mostly been dependent on the shortest and quickest ways to do things.

The real cost of efficiency are slower bodies that aren’t used to any form of prolonged physical work. However, do we have to suffer this? Not anymore.

Encouraging figures

Another benefit of being a member of an exercise group is that you feel more alive knowing that people have the same goals around you. Do you want to burn of more than a thousand calories in less than an hour?
If you enroll in an indoor cycling class, you can burn off that many calories in just 45 minutes. Not only will your muscular system improve, but your cardiovascular system will also strengthen itself.

Truth be told, a person has to exert effort at every turn. It’s not a retrograde approach to life, but rather, a progressive and healthy turn for the best.

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Reading a man’s body language enables you to see past all cover ups and defenses. There are certain cues which can tell you whether a man is really interested in you or is looking for another fish in the sea. If you want to learn these cues, read on!

1) Head Tilted to the Side

Want to know whether your man is listening to what you’re saying or not? Check to see whether his head is tilted or not.

If it is tilted, then you can bet that he’s hanging on to your every word. He’s not just faking interest here. He is into what you two are talking about.

2) Muscles Flexing

Reading a man’s body language is easy if you know where to look. A man is usually proud of his physique. When talking to a guy, check to see whether he is flexing his muscles or not.

This can be done openly with him demonstrating his bodybuilding prowess to you. Or it can be done subtly with him trying to help you reach for something and at the same time showing off his sculpted arms.

Although some girls consider this move a little too cocky, it really is just a man’s way of trying to impress you. After all, most of them grew up thinking that the more muscles they have, the better. So just relax and enjoy the view!

3) Legs Apart

A man is definitely interested in you when he spreads his legs (no pun intended) and his torso is facing you. According to experts, this body language means that your guy is getting a wee bit territorial and would like to have you for his own. It’s a totally subconscious move that you absolutely won’t miss.

Reading a man’s body language is easy when you know the meaning and reasons behind his actions. You don’t even have to pretend like you’re not checking him out because all these signals can be observed while conversing or dining with your man.

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We all want to give our best every time that we perform. May it be in sports, in work, in school or in everything that we do. We all want to be strong, have long endurance, the power to get through everyday work. We want to do it all, but sometimes we do not have the force or the energy to do it all. The good news is there is a new product in the market that give us everything, all we need to have the best performance in everything that we do. It is called Force Factor, from the name itself, one knows that it is the product they are looking for.

The capsules were developed by the Harvard Championship Crew team who wanted a health product to improve their endurance and stamina level for sports. Their encapsulated formula is a safe, stimulant and additive free blend of amino acids that fuels production of Nitric oxide in the body.

This enhances oxygen supply to the muscular tissues promoting their growth. You get better endurance, strength gains and stamina. Mental clarity and focus are other benefits of the pills.

Nitric oxide also boosts L Arginine that causes fast healing of wounds and promotes waste expelling activities of the kidneys, hormone and immune functions. It also has many heart benefits. This Nitric oxide supplement can hence be the key to legal success for all athletes and sportsmen too.

The best part of ForceFactor is that it is safe and non detrimental to your health. It does not contain harmful stimulants like caffeine. It does not produce a jittery feeling. It is sans sodium and creatinine.

When all hope is gone, when you think that you have tried everything there is to boost up energy, have the muscles that you need and enhance your performance, there came Force Factor to fill in the void that was not present in every supplement

, drink or medication that claims to better enhance your body to give you the performance you want.

Its results of higher energy and mental clarity become evident on the first day of intake. The body building effects become visible by the second week and the product guarantees that you will become strong, muscular and powerful within one month of consumption.

The product is a result of years of research and experimentation as well as the goal of continuous improvement of the product, one can’t go wrong with it. The ingredients were carefully chosen with just the right amount to produce this amazing product. It is especially made for optimum performance.

It is designed to activate the nitric oxide levels in the body to increase the strength, energy and endurance of the body. It is also an essential component that helps muscles grow fast. It improves the body’s blood circulation and metabolism. It is also a vital ingredient in renewing and recovering muscles. It also contains L- Arginine which is a key factor in achieving extreme performance.

The free trial offer is available at the product website and ForceFactor is covered by a 30 day money back guarantee.

If you want to have the strength, endurance and power or anything there is that affects your performance, then grab Force Factor now. It comes with a free trial wherein you can try the amazing product together with its benefits. Try it now and achieve the best performance in your life. Have the muscles you desired, stay healthy with this product now.

* Force factor’s unique capability to boost Arginines in your body is the key. Arginine, which is also known as L-Arginines have several benefits such as wound healing, kidney cleansing, immunity control and enhancement of hormones.

* You can procure this unique bodybuilding supplement just by paying a nominal shipping and handling amount of $4.99. Force Factor offer you 100% 30-day money back trial period on all its products.

* This product slowly initiates its performance by motivating your organs to function appropriately. It gives you power and energy. Your strength training sessions becomes more effective due to its consumption. It is always advisable to consult a physician if you feel uncomfortable by its intake.

* Combining Force Factor with your regular protein regime can give you maximum benefits. You can stimulate your muscle fullness even by doing light exercises with this supplement.

Importance of Nitric Oxide

* It encourages stronger pumps and muscle fullness.

* It enhances your mental awareness.

* It maintains your blood flow and oxygen delivery to muscles.

* Nitric Oxide also increases your strength, endurance and power.

Nitric Oxide plays a key role in Strength, Endurance & Power during muscle building. To know more Force Factor Supplements or To Request a Free Sample.

Click Here –> Force Factor Free Trial

FREE Trials are for a limited time only, so get yours today.

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Carlsbad weight loss solutions offers a variety of weight loss programs. Each of them is geared toward specific needs of those who fit into that particular program. They will customize your program to suit your individual needs. They figure in your metabolism as well as your genetic make-up.

They design an amazing program that includes exercises aimed at your problem areas. You can also depend on excellent advice and instruction for doing these exercises. They offer personal trainers as well if that’s what you desire. It’s an excellent program that really attacks the crucial elements of obesity in an easy to implement regimen.

They can adapt your program to your needs and time schedule. Some people like to come to the gym in order to workout. But if you need to, they can show you how to do your exercises in the comfort of your own home, and show you some good equipment to use while doing exercises at home.

The experience and knowledge of the Carlsbad teams is widely acclaimed. They understand that losing weight doesn’t happen overnight. They know it takes time for you to apply the right diet, the right exercises, and get into a steady routine before you will begin to see good solid results. It takes time for your body to respond to the new treatment it’s being given.

Some people have opted to sign up for their outdoor boot camp style program. It’s handled in a group setting run by highly trained and qualified experts in the personal training field. It provides a new and exciting setting for those who love to be outdoors smelling the fresh air as they work out.

All around Carlsbad, women are getting involved in ‘meetups’. Some of these meetups take place online. They don’t actually travel anywhere and meet, they just go online and partake in weight-loss challenges that they have scheduled for them. It’s very convenient and it provides lots of support for those who are exercising at home.

The Carlsbad quick healthy workouts are on the cutting edge, along with their nutrition programs and motivations. They not only deal in weight loss, but in general fitness and bodybuilding too. Their programs are among the top in their field. Carlsbad Weight Loss solutions have been in the business for quite a while now and know which exercises that do really work and will get you in the best shape of your life! If you want to put yourself in the hands of people you can trust to know exactly how to help you and your situation, you can’t go wrong here.

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Nobody wants to go through the embarrasment of developing man boobs, but why does this happen in the first place? There are a couple of reasons why the dreaded man boobs exist. First, when you’re overweight, fatty tissue stored on your pectoral muscles will make them look bigger than the average male chest. Second, there is actually a hormonal condition – Gynecomastia – which can cause men to develop man boobs. This is a result of estrogen increase and testosterone decrease.

Introducing the Ultimate Guide on How to Lose Man Boobs

Developing man boobs is probably a guy’s worst nightmare because it will not do wonders for your self-confidence at all. Unless you are already in a stable relationship and your partner accepts your body as it is, it would really not do to have the dreaded man boobs.

So what are you supposed to do to get rid of them? Fortunately, you can always rely on a system simply called “How to Lose Man Boobs”. This is the ultimate professional guide on how men can lose their man boobs – so that you can get rid of the notion that you are a man cursed with a woman’s chest.

All about BooblessMan.com

The official website of the guide “How to Lose Man Boobs” is www.booblessman.com. When you first visit the site, you will see as comprehensive a set of information as you can get when it comes to how the guide will help you lose those man boobs.

The author of “How to Lose Man Boobs” is Richard Alan, and all he wants is for ‘men with boobs’ to finally have the confidence to face and meet women – thus the guide.

When you take advantage of the How to Lose Man Boobs guide, you will learn extremely useful information such as:

A step-by-step guide on There’s an episode in the hit television show Seinfeld called “The Mansierre”, where the character Kramer invented a bra for guys.  Obviously, it’s for the male of the species who have developed too much tissue in their pectoral muscles, causing them to look like the male equivalent of boobs.

-         how to get a flat chest in weeks.

-         Chest sculpting exercises.

-         Chest development secrets that every bodybuilder knows.

-         Hidden ‘growth hormones’ which stick chest fat to your body.

-         The right way to eat so that you can rid of the excess fat in your chest.

-         The miracle of sleep.

-         The truth about low carb diets.

-         The power of motivation.

Richard Alan’s “How to Lose Man Boobs” is available for only $47.00, and it comes with a 60-day money back guarantee.

So what are you waiting for? If you don’t want to keep crouching in the hopes of a woman who you’ve been eyeing not noticing your man boobs, then it’s time to step up to the task of doing something about the problem. With the “How to Lose Man Boobs” guide, you can have that flat, sculpted, chiseled chest that will be the fantasy of every woman you’ll meet and even your guy friends would envy!

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Yeah But Can I Save Money?

Have you ever been paying for a gym membership and not go? Be honest… did. Can you think of a greater waste of money than making those $60 or more dues to a gym you never use? Think about it… that’s alot per month?! That’s hundreds of dollars per year… not including your family! What if you have a family type of membership? With at home workouts, you can use this money to pay for more important things like your mortgage or car payment. I know what you’re thinking… “But my mortgage payment cost more than that”. You’re right, but this will help won’t it? There are other savings you gain by working out at home too. You save on fuel traveling back and forth from the gym. Your situation might be different, but my gym is not right around the corner! What about those cool workout clothes? Do you need those at home? Again, not huge savings, but every little bit helps right?

At home workouts can also be the answer to those pesky workout barriers. How can working out at home do this? You get to stay in the comfort of your own house and avoid the trouble of having to drive to the gym. A number of people (myself included) are turned off by all of the half dressed bodybuilders and models using the workout facilities of today. I don’t know about you, but I can focus more on my on consistent improvement without all of these ”hard bodies” making me feel sub par. This is not the best environment in which to make progress. At home workouts, also help to remove one of the most frequently used reasons for those who don’t go to the gym. It’s inconvenient. Whether it’s a rainy day or I’m just exhausted, it’s a lot simpler to motivate myself to go to my family room than to get in my vehicle and drive to the health club!

Finally, staying at home to workout can actually help you avoid injuries. Not only will the increased muscle tone and flexibility of working out at home help you to avoid future injuries, but you will also be able to avoid injuries by using the right at home workouts! What do most people do when they hit the gym? They hit the weights! Perhaps not as many women do this, however it’s not just heavy free weights that can lead to joint issues and muscle tears. Weight machines and even treadmills can also cause these issues. How does working out at home help prevent these injuries? Most home workouts rely on light barbells or elastic bands, or even better… just the weight of your body. Furthermore, the movements rarely focus on a single joint or muscles, so the effort is distributed over multiple muscles and joints, and therefore drastically reducing the pressure on any single muscle or joint.

At home workouts really are the answer to many of the doubts, concerns and excuses you have for not working out. So begin improving your health today… at home!

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Lean Hybrid Muscle can be used by both men and women and does not require a person to spend more time training than currently spending but it will require a person to use the time differently.  The program warns people against falling into the trap of thinking that more cardio is better and uses the comparison of a long distance athlete’s body versus a sprinter’s body.  Some of the factors to consider when doing cardio according to the program are the time of day, the intensity and the length of the sessions.  Most people do long duration and low intensity cardio and according to the program this is completely wrong as it will break down lean muscle for a person’s energy needs.

Elliot Hulse a certified strength and conditioning specialist together with his friend Mike Westerdal, the founder of one of the biggest weight lifting sites on the web (CriticalBench.com), developed Lean Hybrid Muscle.  Elliot wanted to create a program that enables a person to loose fat quickly and following traditional methods was not an option for him.  While researching various training methods he discovered a scientific concept of building a Type III muscle which has the capacity to grow larger and leaner whilst simultaneously burn fat.  The exercises used by the program push muscles to undergo a reconfiguration and increase the number of mitochondria in the cells. By combining resistance training such as muscle training and strength training with cardio training in the same set, a person forces the thicker stronger Type II muscle fibers to morph into Type III fibers.  The program includes several bonuses as well as quick response bonuses.

Lean Hybrid Muscle seems to be a very effective way to build muscle and lose fat at the same time whilst still keeping a person motivated.

(c) Reviewed Best 2009

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Let me explain exactly what I mean with a true story.

(Although, it’s a longer story than I intended it to be, I didn’t want to short you on any of the details and deprive you of getting a true picture of how the key works.)

When I was in college, I had four roommates, two the complete opposite of each other.

Greg Phillips was a tall, skinny, gangly, uncoordinated boy, with a face that perpetually broke out with acne.

He also had big horse-teeth, guffawed, and chattered in an endless stream of clichés.

The other roommate was also named Greg.

Greg Garner was remarkably handsome, with a deep, contemplative, and serious nature.

He had a passion for bodybuilding and the physique of a Greek statue.

He also read Existential philosophy and periodically made profound observations about mundane events, transforming the profane into the sublime.

In addition, Garner was a gifted artist with paintings that looked like photographs, almost perfect in every detail.

Which Greg do you imagine turned out to be more successful in later years?

If you’re thinking Greg Phillips, then you’re a contrarian, and if you’re thinking Greg Garner, you’re a logician.

The contrarian wins.

When I first met the two Gregs, I mentally voted Garner as the most likely to succeed.

After all, he seemed to have it all: Classical beauty, an aesthetic physique, a keen intelligence, and a rare talent in art.

Yet Phillips turned out to be the most amazing person I’ve ever met. And in my mind, the word “success” is inextricably linked with my image of him.

He succeeded almost effortlessly in everything that he did and was as close to the legendary Forrest Gump as one can ever hope to meet in real life.

He barely studied, yet he never dipped below a 4.0 in 4 years.

He was uncoordinated, yet he totally dominated the basketball team.

He was not very eloquent, except when he stepped on stage at intercollegiate speech tournaments, and then you thought you were listening to Abe Lincoln making the Gettysburg Address.

And, although he was not physically attractive, women adored him. In fact, Cheryl, a stunningly beautiful woman who was engaged when she first met him, even dumped her fiancé to be with him.

Later, they got married and raised a happy family…but that’s a different story.

Garner, meanwhile, possessed the Midas touch in reverse.

Despite his obvious assets, nothing ever worked out for him.

His only joy was painting, pumping iron alone in the school gym, and contemplating French, German and Russian literature about the futility of existence.

Women shunned him and considered him boring and egotistical.

He frequently skipped classes, hung out with only a few morose friends, and dropped out of college in his third year because of his low grades.

What made the difference?

Here’s a clue before I tell you:

When I visited Phillips home in San Diego on a spring vacation break, his room was overflowing with trophies, scrolls, certificates and plaques. They were for both academic as well as athletic achievements.

He apologized, saying that he hadn’t yet stored away the stuff from High School. Since he had come home with even more from our college, his little bedroom looked like a compressed hall-of-fame gallery.

I also noticed that his parents adored him and treated him like a young god. In fact, so did everyone else. The front door was always opening as old friends from High School who had heard about his home town visit stopped by to see him.

It was only years later, after I became trained as a psychologist and knew a little more about human behavior, that I managed to puzzle things out.

It was simply this: Greg Phillips completely believed in himself. His self-confidence was unshakable.

Since childhood his parents had instilled in him a belief in himself.

They told him through their attitude toward him that he could do anything that he set his mind to achieve.

And because he loved his parents, he became utterly successful to prove them right.

It didn’t really matter if he didn’t have the obvious physical attributes and talents of someone like Garner…in his own mind, he was the best; and he proved it, over and over and over again.

The last time I heard from him, six years ago, he was close to making his first million dollars. He said that he worked for national governments in Africa surveying underground water resources for indigenous villages.

I learned something invaluable by observing the difference between the two Gregs and how it played out in their destinies over the years.

From Phillips I learned that to power-up your subconscious mind to work for you rather than against you, you only need to have an attitude of total self-confidence and high self-esteem.

Initially I used to believe that personality was fixed, an accident of your upbringing, but if there is one thing I’ve learned in all my years in helping people to have a better life, it’s this: It’s never too late to have a happy childhood and a great life.

In working with former clients to improve their self-image and self-confidence, I’ve witnessed them transition from zero to hero.

It’s not always about working harder or getting smarter. Sometimes its as simple as simply believing in your own true value. You’re then motivated to work harder, learn more, associate with the right people, and become super-competent.

What we don’t acquire through a perfect upbringing, we can still nurture within ourselves through a systematic process of improving our internal resources, inner dialogue, and inner image.

In the final analysis, success is more about who you are inside than what you do. Actions springing up from a solid inner identity always succeed in the long run.

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